Friday 3 April 2020

By the numbers: Continentwide classification system could aid in determining which businesses are 'essential'

As Hoosiers hunker down at Gov. Eric Holcomb's direction, it is obvious that some industries need to stay open.

Grocery stores? Absolutely. Hospitals? But of course. Fire stations and police operations? No doubt. But as Sherry Slater's March 31 article points out, the governor's well-meaning executive order for “essential businesses” does not make it crystal clear which companies should and should not be physically open.

It doesn't have to be this way. A system already exists that provides a ready-made list that represents the full spectrum of goods and services produced and consumed within the American economy: the North American Industrial Classification System or NAICS for short – pronounced “nakes.”

In use since 1997 and updated every five years by the Office of Management and Budget, it replaced the old Standard Industrial Classification system. The same what to do with a computer science degree codes are used in America, Canada and Mexico with the most recent version issued in 2017.

NAICS codes use a nested, hierarchical system ranging from two- to six-digit codes. Two-digit codes are the broadest categories such as construction or wholesale trade. Six-digit codes are very specific such as racetracks or custom computer programming services. Each additional digit within the system provides a greater degree of industry specificity.

For example, insurance carriers and related activities is a three-digit NAICS code within the two-digit finance and insurance category, while agencies, brokerages and other insurance-related activities is the next level of specialty at a four-digit code within insurance carriers. An employer's NAICS code typically represents its primary business, recognizing that companies may offer multiple services, such as a law firm that also provides collections services or a manufacturer that may also have a retail storefront.

While there is no public list of employers' NAICS codes, these codes are used administratively in tracking economic and employment data. For example, the Indiana Department of Workforce Development's quarterly unemployment insurance claims report lists the two-digit NAICS codes related to claimants' jobs.

All of this is to say that NAICS creates a uniform structure on which to build Indiana's list of essential industries, leaving little room for interpretation and dispute.

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